RT Journal Article
SR 00
ID 10.1002/ldr.3400040417
A1 Rautengarten, A.
T1 Sources of heavy metal pollution in the Rhine Basin
JF Land Degradation and Development
YR 1993
FD 1993
VO 4
IS 4
SP 339
OP 349
AB The concept of industrial metabolism is introduced as an analytical framework for many diffuse sources of pollution for which ‘end of pipe’ control will not work and pollution prevention at the source is required. the concept is applied to pollution in the Rhine Basin which ends up in the Netherlands Delta and the North Sea, where the character of the pollutants changes over time. Cadmium, lead and zinc pollution from point sources, traffic, corrosion and atmospheric deposition are considered. Calculations cover the period from 1950 to 2010. in this study strongly urbanized paved and unpaved areas are distinguished based on their transport of pollutants to surface waters.
PB Wiley
SN 1085-3278
LK https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/13761/