eprintid: 14164 rev_number: 20 eprint_status: archive userid: 2 dir: disk0/00/01/41/64 datestamp: 2016-12-15 08:43:03 lastmod: 2021-08-27 17:28:17 status_changed: 2016-12-15 08:43:03 type: monograph metadata_visibility: show item_issues_count: 1 creators_name: Ediev, D. creators_name: Sanderson, W. creators_name: Scherbov, S creators_id: 2019 creators_id: 1631 creators_id: 7113 creators_orcid: 0000-0001-7503-5142 creators_orcid: 0000-0002-0881-1073 corp_creators: Wolfgang Lutz, Program Director World Population title: The Formal Demography of Prospective Age: The Relationship Between the Old-Age Dependency Ratio and the Prospective Old-Age Dependency Ratio ispublished: pub divisions: prog_pop abstract: BACKGROUND Sanderson and Scherbov (2015) demonstrated that there was an inverse relation between the speeds of aging as measured by the conventional and the prospective old-age dependency ratios. OBJECTIVE and METHODS Here, we examine this counterintuitive finding analytically and with simulations. To this end, we decompose changes in mortality schedules into shift and compression processes. After studying the effects of these two processes on the dependency ratios analytically, we examine the effects empirically, using the HMD data. RESULTS Theory shows that the two mortality processes (of shift and compression) push the two old-age dependency ratios in opposite directions. Our formal results are supported by simulations that show a positive effect of a mortality shift on the conventional old-age dependency ratio and a negative effect of it on the prospective old-age dependency ratio. The effects are of opposite sign for the mortality compression. The analytical and empirical results also suggest the effect of the shift is stronger than the effect of compression. Hence, mortality declines, typically, imply increasing conventional but decreasing prospective old-age dependency ratios. CONCLUSIONS Our formal and empirical results taken together they suggest that the inverse relation between the conventional and prospective old-age dependency ratios is a universal feature of human mortality change. CONTRIBUTION This paper contributes to the literature on formal demographic analysis, particularly on the effects of mortality shifts and compression on dependency ratios. It demonstrates that the counter-intuitive finding in Sanderson and Scherbov (2015) is a fundamental feature of human mortality change. We also contribute in showing usefulness of the shift-compression decomposition model of mortality change developed in (Dalkhat M. Ediev 2013). date: 2016-12-15 date_type: published publisher: WP-16-024 creators_browse_id: 76 creators_browse_id: 265 creators_browse_id: 270 full_text_status: public monograph_type: working_paper place_of_pub: IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria projects: Reassessing Ageing from a Population Perspective (RE-AGEING, FP7 323947) coversheets_dirty: FALSE fp7_project: yes fp7_project_id: info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/323947/EU/Reassessing Ageing from a Population Perspective/RE-AGEING fp7_type: info:eu-repo/semantics/book access_rights: info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess citation: Ediev, D. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7503-5142 , Sanderson, W. , & Scherbov, S ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0881-1073 (2016). The Formal Demography of Prospective Age: The Relationship Between the Old-Age Dependency Ratio and the Prospective Old-Age Dependency Ratio. IIASA Working Paper. IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria: WP-16-024 document_url: https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/14164/1/WP-16-024.pdf