eprintid: 14231 rev_number: 11 eprint_status: archive userid: 353 dir: disk0/00/01/42/31 datestamp: 2017-01-09 14:31:44 lastmod: 2021-08-27 17:28:23 status_changed: 2017-01-09 14:31:44 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Patrizio, P. creators_name: Leduc, S. creators_name: Chinese, D. creators_name: Kraxner, F. creators_id: 8844 creators_id: 8228 creators_id: 7904 title: Internalizing the external costs of biogas supply chains in the Italian energy sector ispublished: pub divisions: prog_esm keywords: External costs; Biomethane; Biogas supply chain; CHP; BeWhere model; Environmental impact abstract: In Italy biogas support schemes are being revised to include subsidies for the production of biomethane. Energy policies should foster environmentally optimal solutions, especially because social acceptance issues often arise in the case of biogas. In this paper we use the external cost methodology to quantify the environmental impact of airborne emissions associated with biogas-based energy vectors and their corresponding fossil substitutes These are evaluated at supply chain level and incorporated in a spatially explicit optimization model. The method is applied to northern Italy to compare the potential impact of alternative policy options. It is found that, while the external costs of biogas-based pathways are always lower than corresponding fossil fuel based pathways, the differences are generally so small that policies based on internalization of external costs alone would not lead to further development of biogas-based technologies. For all utilization pathways, consideration of local externalities leads to a less favourable evaluation of biogas-based technologies, which results in external costs even higher than the substituted fossil fuel if biogas is allocated to local heating. date: 2017-04-15 date_type: published publisher: Elsevier id_number: doi:10.1016/j.energy.2017.01.033 creators_browse_id: 2853 creators_browse_id: 175 creators_browse_id: 165 full_text_status: public publication: Energy volume: 125 pagerange: 85-96 refereed: TRUE issn: 1873-6785 coversheets_dirty: FALSE fp7_project: no fp7_type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article citation: Patrizio, P. , Leduc, S. , Chinese, D., & Kraxner, F. (2017). Internalizing the external costs of biogas supply chains in the Italian energy sector. Energy 125 85-96. 10.1016/j.energy.2017.01.033 . document_url: https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/14231/1/Internalizing%20the%20external%20costs%20of%20biogas%20supply%20chains%20in%20the%20Italian%20energy%20sector.pdf