?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.relation=https%3A%2F%2Fpure.iiasa.ac.at%2Fid%2Feprint%2F4097%2F&rft.title=An+Empirical+Study+of+Review+Mechanisms+in+Environmental+Regimes&rft.creator=Victor%2C+D.G.&rft.creator=Lanchbery%2C+J.&rft.creator=Greene%2C+O.J.&rft.description=This+report+is+part+of+a+large+scale+comparison+of+how+implementation+review+mechanisms+(IRMs)+are+used+in+international+environmental+agreements.++Broadly%2C+IRMs+are+the+means+by+which+data+is+exchanged+and+gathered%2C+reviewed+and+assessed+in+the+context+of+an+international+agreement%2C+and+by+which+problems+of+compliance+and+inadequate+performance+are+managed.++Here+we+describe+the+data+protocol+that+is+being+used+in+assembling+a+database+of+review+mechanisms+and+explain+the+rationale+behind+all+the+major+questions+in+the+protocol.++The+protocol+consists+of+questions+about+the+general+features+of+agreements+as+well+as+more+focussed+questions+concerning%3A+how+information+relating+to+national+performance+and+compliance+is+gathered+and+disseminated%3B+how+that+information+is+assessed%3B+and+the+means+by+which+the+parties+and+the+agreement+respond+to+potential+problems+of+noncompliance+and+inadequate+performance.+%0D%0A%0D%0AThe+database+is+useful+in+part+because+it+organizes+information+about+different+international+environmental+agreements+into+a+comparable+format+and+thus+aids+in+the+selection+of+appropriate+cases+and+comparisons+for+further+research.++It+is+also+useful+because+it+can+aid+in+the+testing+of+hypotheses+about+which+aspects+of+international+agreements+and+review+mechanisms+lead+agreements+to+be+more+effective.+We+are+now+using+it+for+both+purposes%2C+in+addition+to+extending+the+number+of+cases+in+the+database.+%0D%0A%0D%0ATo+date%2C+over+fifty+cases+have+been+coded+using+the+protocol.++Here+we+also+report+some+observations+and+hypotheses+derived+from+working+with+the+data+from+those+cases.++These+include%3A+1)+a+hypothesis+that+review+mechanisms+tend+to+grow+as+needed+to+fulfill+demand+for+specific+functions%3B+2)+a+hypothesis+that+review+mechanisms+might+help+the+parties+to+an+agreement+address+various+forms+of+complexity+that+arise+in+negotiating+and+managing+international+agreements%3B+3)+a+questions+as+to+whether+and+how+often+institutions+that+are+formally+outside+a+particular+agreement+but+with+competence+or+power+in+the+issue-area+de+facto+provide+the+review+mechanisms+for+the+agreement%3B+4)+a+question+as+to+whether+review+mechanisms+make+their+largest+contribution+to+effectiveness+when+the+obligations+of+an+agreement+are+precise+or+vague%3B+5)+a+question+as+to+whether+in+practice+some+of+the+functions+of+review+mechanisms+are+performed+by+dispute+resolution+mechanisms%2C+which+tend+to+be+formally+created+in+most+international+agreements+(but+appear+to+be+rarely+used+in+environmental+agreements).&rft.publisher=WP-94-115&rft.date=1994-11&rft.type=Monograph&rft.type=NonPeerReviewed&rft.format=text&rft.language=en&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fpure.iiasa.ac.at%2Fid%2Feprint%2F4097%2F1%2FWP-94-115.pdf&rft.identifier=++Victor%2C+D.G.+%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpure.iiasa.ac.at%2Fview%2Fiiasa%2F1642.html%3E%2C+Lanchbery%2C+J.+%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpure.iiasa.ac.at%2Fview%2Fiiasa%2F1403.html%3E%2C+%26+Greene%2C+O.J.+%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpure.iiasa.ac.at%2Fview%2Fiiasa%2F1297.html%3E++(1994).++An+Empirical+Study+of+Review+Mechanisms+in+Environmental+Regimes.+++IIASA+Working+Paper.+IIASA%2C+Laxenburg%2C+Austria%3A+WP-94-115+++++