eprintid: 4260 rev_number: 9 eprint_status: archive userid: 351 dir: disk0/00/00/42/60 datestamp: 2016-01-15 02:05:06 lastmod: 2023-08-05 05:00:23 status_changed: 2016-01-15 02:05:06 type: article metadata_visibility: show item_issues_count: 3 creators_name: MacKellar, F.L. creators_name: Lutz, W. creators_name: Prinz, C. creators_name: Goujon, A. creators_id: AL0956 creators_id: 1124 creators_id: 1309 creators_id: 1569 creators_orcid: 0000-0001-7975-8145 creators_orcid: 0000-0003-4125-6857 title: Population, households, and CO2 emissions ispublished: pub internal_subjects: iis_pop internal_subjects: iis_cli internal_subjects: iis_env internal_subjects: iis_ecn divisions: prog_pop abstract: The model linking environmental impact to population, affluence, and technology, or I = PAT, is reformulated in terms of households (i.e., I = HAT) as opposed to persons. Such an approach may be preferable in the case of environmental impacts that arise from activities, such as residential heating and automobile transport, for which there exist significant household-level economies of scale. Because of changes in average household size, the I = HAT model gives rise to a very different decomposition of the sources of historical growth of environmental impacts than does I = PAT. Taking growth of global energy consumption as an example, the authors find that I = PAT attributes 18 percent of the annual increase (in absolute terms) over the period 1970-90 to demographic increase in more developed regions, whereas I = HAT attributes 41 percent because the number of households grew faster than the number of persons. The I = PAT and I = HAT models also give rise to substantially different projections of CO_2 emissions in the year 2100. The authors conclude that decomposition and projection exercises are sensitive to the unit of demographic account chosen. Until more is known about the nature of the many activities that give rise to environmental impacts, it would be unwise to draw far-reaching conclusions from one choice of model without a substantive justification of that choice. date: 1995-12 date_type: published publisher: Wiley-Blackwell official_url: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2137777 iiasapubid: XJ-95-074 iiasa_bibref: Population and Development Review; 21(4):849-865 (December 1995) iiasa_bibnotes: <www.jstor.org/stable/2137777>. Also available as IIASA Reprint RP-96-006 and IIASA Working Paper WP-95-081 <www.iiasa.ac.at/Admin/PUB/Documents/WP-95-081.pdf> creators_browse_id: 2146 creators_browse_id: 190 creators_browse_id: 1520 creators_browse_id: 110 full_text_status: none publication: Population and Development Review volume: 21 number: 4 pagerange: 849-865 refereed: TRUE issn: 1728-4457 coversheets_dirty: FALSE fp7_type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article citation: MacKellar, F.L. , Lutz, W. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7975-8145 , Prinz, C. , & Goujon, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4125-6857 (1995). Population, households, and CO2 emissions. Population and Development Review 21 (4) 849-865.