?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.relation=https%3A%2F%2Fpure.iiasa.ac.at%2Fid%2Feprint%2F4476%2F&rft.title=Freshwater+Management%3A+Problems+and+Challenges&rft.creator=Somlyody%2C+L.&rft.creator=Yates%2C+D.&rft.creator=Varis%2C+O.&rft.description=Water+(including+increasing+use+relative+to+availability%2C+and+deteriorating+quality)+may+be+one+of+the+most+severe+stresses+on+the+exponentially+growing+human+population+in+the+next+century.+Problems+are+becoming+increasingly+complex+and+diverse+and+require+more+and+more+specific+knowledge+from+both+a+technical+and+non-technical+perspective.+These+complexities+create+the+need+to+understand+and+comprehend+the+more+detailed+technical+components+as+well+as+broader+managerial+and+societal+issues.+These+non-complementary+elements+will+increasingly+demand+the+efficient+integration+of+various+disciplines%2C+sectors%2C+countries%2C+and+societies.+The+major+challenges+addressed+are+whether+we+are+capable+of+and+prepared+to+realize+the+needed+integration+and+whether+we+can+resolve+the+large+amounts+of+existing+gaps+and+barriers.+The+paper+analyzes+major+past+and+desired+future+trends+in+fresh+water+management.+There+is+an+attempt+to+draw+from+the+three+main+socio-economic+regions%3A+the+developed+world%2C+Central+and+Eastern+Europe+(including+countries+of+the+former+USSR)+and+the+developing+world.+A+number+of+issues+are+selected+with+regards+to+integrated+freshwater+management%3A+(1)+Identification%2C+occurrence%2C+and+perception+of+various+problems+(e.g.+eutrophication%2C+acidification%2C+global+warming%2C+salinization%2C+groundwater+contamination%2C+eco-system+degradation%2C+land+cover+changes%2C+vulnerability)%3B+(2)+Current+integration+of+methodologies%3B+their+strengths+and+weaknesses%3B+Large+scale+projects%3B+dams%2C+irrigation+schemes+and+water+transfers%3B+(3)+Global+urbanization%3B+(4)+Wastewater+treatment+and+pollution+control+types+(considering+also+consumption+emissions)%3B+(5)+Modeling+and+monitoring%3B+(6)+Planning+and+environmental+impact+assessment%3B+(7)+Legislation+and+institutions%3B+(8)+Education+and+public+awareness%3B+(9)+Sustainable+development+and+time+preference%3B+(10)+The+role+of+science+and+engineering.+%0D%0A%0D%0AThe+past+two+decades+showed+tremendous+developments+in+the+management+of+water+as+seen+from+many+different+perspectives.+In+spite+of+these+advancements+there+is+still+room+for+improvement.+The+focus+of+the+present+discussion+lays+mostly+on+the+dissemination+of+lessons+and+questions+which+are+crucial+to+likely+future+problems+and+desired+improvements.&rft.publisher=WP-95-120&rft.date=1995-11&rft.type=Monograph&rft.type=NonPeerReviewed&rft.format=text&rft.language=en&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fpure.iiasa.ac.at%2Fid%2Feprint%2F4476%2F1%2FWP-95-120.pdf&rft.identifier=++Somlyody%2C+L.+%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpure.iiasa.ac.at%2Fview%2Fiiasa%2F1584.html%3E%2C+Yates%2C+D.+%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpure.iiasa.ac.at%2Fview%2Fiiasa%2F2536.html%3E%2C+%26+Varis%2C+O.+%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpure.iiasa.ac.at%2Fview%2Fiiasa%2F2475.html%3E++(1995).++Freshwater+Management%3A+Problems+and+Challenges.+++IIASA+Working+Paper.+IIASA%2C+Laxenburg%2C+Austria%3A+WP-95-120+++++