?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.relation=https%3A%2F%2Fpure.iiasa.ac.at%2Fid%2Feprint%2F4494%2F&rft.title=A+Summary+of+the+Joint+IIASA+and+WEC+Study+on+Long-Term+Energy+Perspectives&rft.creator=Grubler%2C+A.&rft.creator=Jefferson%2C+M.&rft.creator=Nakicenovic%2C+N.&rft.description=The+paper+reports+on+a+study+on+Global+Energy+Perspectives+to+2050+and+Beyond+conducted+jointly+by+the+International+Institute+for+Applied+Systems+Analysis+(IIASA)+and+the+World+Energy+Council+(WEC).+All+together+three+cases+of+economic+and+energy+developments+were+developed+that+sprawl+into+six+scenarios+of+energy+supply+alternatives+extending+until+the+end+of+the+21st+century.+The+internal+consistency+of+the+scenarios+was+assessed+with+the+help+of+formal+energy+models.+The+study+took+close+account+of+world+population+prospects%2C+economic+growth%2C+technological+advance%2C+the+energy+resource+base%2C+environmental+implications+from+the+local+to+the+global+level%2C+financing+requirements%2C+and+the+future+prospects+of+both+fossil+and+non-fossil+fuels+and+industries.+Although+no+analysis+can+turn+an+uncertain+future+into+a+sure+thing%2C+the+study+identifies+patterns+that+are+robust+across+a+purposely+broad+range+of+scenarios.+The+study+also+enables+to+relate+alternative+near+term+research+and+development%2C+technology%2C+economic%2C+and+environmental+policies+to+the+possible+long-term+divergence+of+energy+systems+structures.+Due+to+the+long+lead+times+involved+in+the+turnover+of+capital+stock+and+infrastructures+of+the+energy+system%2C+policies+would+need+to+be+implemented+now+in+order+to+initiate+long-term+structural+changes+in+the+energy+system+that+would+however+become+significant+only+after+the+year+2020.&rft.publisher=WP-95-102&rft.date=1995-09&rft.type=Monograph&rft.type=NonPeerReviewed&rft.format=text&rft.language=en&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fpure.iiasa.ac.at%2Fid%2Feprint%2F4494%2F1%2FWP-95-102.pdf&rft.identifier=++Grubler%2C+A.+%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpure.iiasa.ac.at%2Fview%2Fiiasa%2F112.html%3E+ORCID%3A+https%3A%2F%2Forcid.org%2F0000-0002-7814-4990+%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Forcid.org%2F0000-0002-7814-4990%3E%2C+Jefferson%2C+M.%2C+%26+Nakicenovic%2C+N.+%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpure.iiasa.ac.at%2Fview%2Fiiasa%2F214.html%3E+ORCID%3A+https%3A%2F%2Forcid.org%2F0000-0001-7176-4604+%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Forcid.org%2F0000-0001-7176-4604%3E++(1995).++A+Summary+of+the+Joint+IIASA+and+WEC+Study+on+Long-Term+Energy+Perspectives.+++IIASA+Working+Paper.+IIASA%2C+Laxenburg%2C+Austria%3A+WP-95-102+++++