TY  - JOUR
ID  - iiasa4646
UR  - https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/4646/
IS  - 4
A1  - Olendrzynski, K.
A1  - Anderberg, S.
A1  - Bartnicki, J.
A1  - Pacyna, J.
A1  - Stigliani, W.M.
Y1  - 1996///
N2  - This paper presents a preliminary estimate of atmospheric emissions of cadmium, lead, and zinc in Europe during the period 1955?1987. The emission data were used as input to the atmospheric transport model TRACE (trace toxic air concentrations in Europe) of the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, to compute cumulative deposition loads of heavy metals onto European soils during the investigated time period. The maxima of cumulative depositions computed with the TRACE model over the entire period were approximately 60?mg/m2 for cadmium, 1450?mg/m2 for lead, and 2600?mg/m2 in the case of zinc. The results presented should be considered first-order approximations. Major uncertainties embedded in such calculations are discussed. Heavy metals enter the soils from atmospheric load and with the application of fertilizers and sewage sludge. Once in the soil the metals can be mobilized, leading to plant and groundwater contamination. This threat is particularly valid for heavily polluted regions in Central Europe. The results of this study can be applied in assessing environmental and health effects of heavy metals and, therefore, are important for scientists as well as policy makers.Key words: trace elements, heavy metals, historical emission, cumulative deposition.
PB  - NRC Research Press
JF  - Environmental Reviews
VL  - 4
SN  - 1208-6053
TI  - Atmospheric emissions and depositions of cadmium, lead and zinc in Europe during the period 1955-1987
SP  - 300
AV  - none
EP  - 320
ER  -