?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.relation=https%3A%2F%2Fpure.iiasa.ac.at%2Fid%2Feprint%2F4850%2F&rft.title=Freeing+Energy+from+Carbon&rft.creator=Nakicenovic%2C+N.&rft.description=This+article+discusses+energy+industries+and+systems%2C+and+the+desire+to++free+carbon+use+from+these+systems.+The+large+secular+decrease+in+energy+requirements+throughout+the+world+is+associated+with+a+greater+knowledge+of+making%2C+operating+and+using+energy+systems.+The+emissions+of+carbon+dioxide+from+energy+systems+have+also+decreased+per+unit+of+energy+consumed%2C+and+this+decarbonization+is+shown+not+only+to+be+emblematic+of+its+evolution%2C+but+also+a+highly+desirable+objective.+Five+countries+(China%2C+France%2C+India%2C+Japan%2C+and+the+USA)%2C+representing+diverse+economic+and+energy+systems%2C+are+analyzed+in+terms+of+the+decarbonization+process.+A+global+history+of+energy+and+carbon+savings+and+the+reasons+for+them+are+discussed%2C+and+whether+future+savings+may+be+sufficient+to+allay+environmental+concerns+associated+with+carbon+is+examined.+Energy+substitution+is+discussed+as+a+means+to+a+non-carbon+energy+future%2C+which+would+result+in+a+major+transformation+of+the+industrial+ecosystem.+This+could+accommodate+the+foreseeable+levels+of+population+and+economic+activity.&rft.publisher=RR-97-004.+Reprinted+from+Daedelus%2C+125(3)%3A95-112+%5B1996%5D.&rft.date=1996&rft.type=Monograph&rft.type=PeerReviewed&rft.format=text&rft.language=en&rft.rights=cc_by&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fpure.iiasa.ac.at%2Fid%2Feprint%2F4850%2F1%2FRR-97-04.pdf&rft.identifier=++Nakicenovic%2C+N.+%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpure.iiasa.ac.at%2Fview%2Fiiasa%2F214.html%3E+ORCID%3A+https%3A%2F%2Forcid.org%2F0000-0001-7176-4604+%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Forcid.org%2F0000-0001-7176-4604%3E++(1996).++Freeing+Energy+from+Carbon.+++IIASA+Research+Report+(Reprint).+IIASA%2C+Laxenburg%2C+Austria%3A+RR-97-004.+Reprinted+from+Daedelus%2C+125(3)%3A95-112+%5B1996%5D.+++++