?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.relation=https%3A%2F%2Fpure.iiasa.ac.at%2Fid%2Feprint%2F4898%2F&rft.title=Two-level+Mathematical+Programming+for+Analyzing+Subsidy+Options+to+Reduce+Greenhouse-Gas+Emissions&rft.creator=Hibino%2C+G.&rft.creator=Kainuma%2C+M.&rft.creator=Matsuoka%2C+Y.&rft.creator=Morita%2C+T.&rft.description=In+this+paper+we+develop+the+end-use+energy+model+for+assessing+policy+options+to+reduce+greenhouse-gas+emissions.+This+model+evaluates+the+effects+of+imposing+a+carbon+tax+on+various+carbon-emitting+technologies+for+reducing+CO2+emissions.+It+also+estimates+the+effect+of+combining+a+carbon+tax+with+other+countermeasure+policies%2C+such+as+the+introduction+of+subsidies.+The+problem+can+be+formulated+as+two-level+mathematical+programming.+Solution+methods+for+the+problem+are+discussed%2C+and+an+algorithm+to+solve+the+subsidy+problem+is+presented.+The+conditions+under+which+the+conservation+technologies+would+be+selected+are+analyzed+with+the+different+carbon+tax+rates+and+subsidies.+The+reduction+of+CO2+emissions+is+calculated+based+on+the+introduction+of+these+conservation+technologies.+Finally%2C+we+evaluate+the+effects+of+combining+a+carbon+tax+with+subsidies+using+the+recycled+revenues+from+such+a+tax.&rft.publisher=WP-96-129&rft.date=1996-11&rft.type=Monograph&rft.type=NonPeerReviewed&rft.format=text&rft.language=en&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fpure.iiasa.ac.at%2Fid%2Feprint%2F4898%2F1%2FWP-96-129.pdf&rft.identifier=++Hibino%2C+G.+%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpure.iiasa.ac.at%2Fview%2Fiiasa%2F1322.html%3E%2C+Kainuma%2C+M.+%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fpure.iiasa.ac.at%2Fview%2Fiiasa%2F1351.html%3E%2C+Matsuoka%2C+Y.%2C+%26+Morita%2C+T.++(1996).++Two-level+Mathematical+Programming+for+Analyzing+Subsidy+Options+to+Reduce+Greenhouse-Gas+Emissions.+++IIASA+Working+Paper.+IIASA%2C+Laxenburg%2C+Austria%3A+WP-96-129+++++