%0 Report
%9 IIASA Research Report (Reprint)
%A Gusbin, D.
%A Klaassen, G.
%A Kouvaritakis, N.
%C IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria
%D 1999
%F iiasa:5940
%P 833-844
%T Costs of a Ceiling on Kyoto Flexibility
%U https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/5940/
%V 27
%X This paper examines the potential costs of a ceiling on the use of flexibility mechanisms in the Kyoto Protocol using POLES, a partial equilibrium model of the world energy systems. The results suggest that if emission trading were restricted to Annex I countries, halving the traded volume would increase costs by US$11 billion per year. If emission trading were to operate at a global level, reducing the trade to half the perfect market volume would increase annual costs by US$12 billion per year. Global carbon emission might, however, be 1% lower. The sensitivity of the results is discussed.