Ecological and evolutionary effects of harvesting: Lessons from the candy-fish experiment

Diaz Pauli, B. & Heino, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2928-3940 (2013). Ecological and evolutionary effects of harvesting: Lessons from the candy-fish experiment. IIASA Interim Report. IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria: IR-13-027

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Abstract

Understanding the challenges of sustainable fisheries management is not easy for non-specialists, and even many specialists fail to appreciate the potential evolutionary consequences of harvest. We propose candy-fish experiments as a savoury approach to teaching and disseminating the key principles of applied ecology and evolution to students, practitioners and the general public. We performed a simple experiment where the resource was represented by fish-shaped candy of distinct colours and flavours (strawberry and liquorice). Typically, harvesting was neither ecologically sustainable (55% of the populations were extinct by the end of the experiment) nor evolutionarily sustainable (most surviving populations had liquorice fish only). This harvest-induced evolution went apparently unnoticed. Somewhat encouragingly, the harvest was most likely ecologically sustainable when a person spontaneously took the role of a stock manager.

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