Energy Policy at Crossroad: potentials for sustainable energy transition in the Middle East and North African region

Komendantova, N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2568-6179, Maraschdeh, L., Al Salaymeh, A., Bohm, S., Ekenberg, L. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0665-1889, Krüger, C., Zejli, D., Mtimet, N., Wehinger, F., Sambucini, G., Qoaider, L., & Kaltschmitt, M. (2019). Energy Policy at Crossroad: potentials for sustainable energy transition in the Middle East and North African region. IIASA Working Paper. Laxenburg, Austria: WP-19-004

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Abstract

Countries of the Middle East and North African (MENA) region such as Morocco, Jordan and Tunisia, are facing challenges which require systems analysis. These challenges are connected with the growing energy demand and the need to diversify energy supply while addressing targets of climate change mitigation and energy security policies. At the same time the countries of the MENA region are also facing challenges of socio-economic development, such as the need in creation of jobs and multiplier effects for national economies as well as of further technological development and political transformation.
Deployment of new and upgrading of existing electricity infrastructure, including generation, transmission and distribution systems, is an important prerequisite for sustainable development and economic growth. Energy policy solutions are needed for further upgrading of electricity system, which should be cost efficient, should support multiple development objectives and be based on compromise solutions involving a variety of views as well as perceptions of risks and benefits of various technologies from different stakeholders’ groups. The goal of this research was to explore economic, social, political and environmental effects on national and local levels of different electricity pathways for the period of up to the year 2050 in three countries of the MENA region. The methodology of this research was based on integrated and interdisciplinary approach while applying various methods of stakeholders’ dialogue such as multi criteria decision analysis, participatory modeling and others.

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