Abating ammonia is more cost-effective than nitrogen oxides for mitigating PM 2.5 air pollution

Gu, B., Zhang, L., Van Dingenen, R., Vieno, M., Van Grinsven, H.J.M., Zhang, X., Zhang, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2487-8574, Chen, Y., Wang, S., Ren, C., Rao, S., Holland, M., Winiwarter, W. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7131-1496, Chen, D., Xu, J., & Sutton, M.A. (2021). Abating ammonia is more cost-effective than nitrogen oxides for mitigating PM 2.5 air pollution. Science 374 (6568) 758-762. 10.1126/science.abf8623.

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Abstract

Fine particulate matter (PM2.5, particles with a mass median aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 micrometers) in the atmosphere is associated with severe negative impacts on human health, and the gases sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and ammonia are the main PM2.5 precursors. However, their contribution to global health impacts has not yet been analyzed. Here, we show that nitrogen accounted for 39% of global PM2.5 exposure in 2013, increasing from 30% in 1990 with rising reactive nitrogen emissions and successful controls on sulfur dioxide. Nitrogen emissions to air caused an estimated 23.3 million years of life lost in 2013, corresponding to an annual welfare loss of 420 billion United States dollars for premature death. The marginal abatement cost of ammonia emission is only 10% that of nitrogen oxides emission globally, highlighting the priority for ammonia reduction.

Item Type:	Article
Research Programs:	Energy, Climate, and Environment (ECE) Energy, Climate, and Environment (ECE) > Pollution Management (PM)
Depositing User:	Michaela Rossini
Date Deposited:	05 Nov 2021 10:56
Last Modified:	30 Nov 2021 11:30
URI:	https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/17624

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