Temperature Changes Induced by Biogeochemical and Biophysical Effects of Bioenergy Crop Cultivation

Wang, J., Ciais, P., Gasser, T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4882-2647, Chang, J., Tian, H., Zhao, Z., Zhu, L., Li, Z., et al. (2023). Temperature Changes Induced by Biogeochemical and Biophysical Effects of Bioenergy Crop Cultivation. Environmental Science & Technology 57 (6) 2474-2483. 10.1021/acs.est.2c05253.

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Abstract

The production of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) is a pivotal negative emission technology. The cultivation of dedicated crops for BECCS impacts the temperature through two processes: net CO2 removal (CDR) from the atmosphere (biogeochemical cooling) and changes in the local energy balance (biophysical warming or cooling). Here, we compare the magnitude of these two processes for key grass and tree species envisioned for large-scale bioenergy crop cultivation, following economically plausible scenarios using Earth System Models. By the end of this century, the cumulative CDR from the cultivation of eucalypt (72-112 Pg C) is larger than that of switchgrass (34-83 Pg C) because of contrasting contributions of land use change carbon emissions. The combined biogeochemical and biophysical effects are cooling (-0.26 to -0.04 °C) at the global scale, but 13-28% of land areas still have net warming signals, mainly due to the spatial heterogeneity of the biophysical effects. Our study shows that the deployment of bioenergy crop cultivation should not only be guided by the principles of maximizing yield and CDR but should also take an integrated perspective that includes all relevant Earth system feedbacks.

Item Type:	Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:	BECCS; CO2 removal; air temperature changes; bioenergy crops; biogeochemical effects; biophysical effects; global dynamic vegetation models (DGVMs); land use changes
Research Programs:	Advancing Systems Analysis (ASA) Advancing Systems Analysis (ASA) > Exploratory Modeling of Human-natural Systems (EM) Energy, Climate, and Environment (ECE) Energy, Climate, and Environment (ECE) > Integrated Assessment and Climate Change (IACC)
Depositing User:	Luke Kirwan
Date Deposited:	02 Feb 2023 13:03
Last Modified:	05 Jan 2024 13:55
URI:	https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/18601

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