Data and code for: Islands on the brink: Mapping global threat exposure in a changing world

Marino, C., Philippe-Lesaffre, M., Coutinho Soares, F., de Oliveira Caetano, G.H., Etard, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1700-2972, Butt, N., Capdevila, P., Irl, S., Leclerc, C., Lenoir, J., Patiño, J., Rigal, F., Benítez-López, A., & Céline, B. (2025). Data and code for: Islands on the brink: Mapping global threat exposure in a changing world. 10.5281/zenodo.17708407.

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Abstract

This repository contains the data and code necessary to reproduce the analyses described in the paper "Islands on the brink: Mapping global threat exposure in a changing world." The objective of this study is to assess the exposure of worldwide islands to global change, encompassing three main threats to biodiversity: climate change, biological invasions, and land-use change. This repository contains:

the input dataset (Dataset S1), which includes all markers collected at the island level for the three threats;
the output dataset (Dataset S2), comprising individual threat exposure and cumulative exposure to global change for all 16,578 islands by 2050 under the SSP3 scenario;
the scripts to reproduce the figures and perform the statistical analyses.
The input dataset (Dataset_S1_Markers_3_threats_all_islands.xlsx) contains, for each island from the Weigelt et al. (2013) island list, its identifier, name, biogeographic information, and marker values for three global threats (i.e., CC: climate change, LU: land-use change, BI: biological invasions). Column names and descriptions are detailed in the "METADATA" sheet, and data are displayed in the "Input_Markers_all_isl" sheet. Raw data of the markers were obtained from the sources listed in the "Data collection" section of the Methods. They were freely accessible, and we followed the conditions to access them.

The script to standardize the markers across all islands, calculate exposure values, and derive descriptive statistics is Script1_calculate_exposure.R. It sources the functions that are all enclosed in the script FUN_calculate_global_exposure.R. The input file for this script is based on Dataset S1. However, the Dataset_S1_Markers_3_threats_all_islands.rds file can be used directly to run this script. Then, one can run the scripts Script2_Assess_threat_relative_contribution.R and Script3_characterize_hotspots.R, which perform the relative contribution analysis of each threat within the hotspots and characterize exposure hotpots, respectively.

The output dataset (Dataset_S2_Exposure_values_all_islands.xlsx) contains the identifier, name, latitude, longitude, individual threat exposure values, and cumulative exposure of each island, calculated under the SSP3 scenario for 2050 (see Methods). Column names and descriptions are detailed in the "METADATA" sheet, and data are displayed in the "Output_Exposure_values" sheet.

Item Type:	Data
Additional Information:	Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Research Programs:	Biodiversity and Natural Resources (BNR) Biodiversity and Natural Resources (BNR) > Biodiversity, Ecology, and Conservation (BEC)
Depositing User:	Luke Kirwan
Date Deposited:	09 Jan 2026 09:56
Last Modified:	09 Jan 2026 09:56
URI:	https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/21171

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