Towards fossil-based electricity systems with integrated CO2 capture: Implications of an illustrative long-term technology policy

Riahi, K. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7193-3498, Barreto, L., Rao, S., & Rubin, E.S. (2005). Towards fossil-based electricity systems with integrated CO2 capture: Implications of an illustrative long-term technology policy. In: Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Greenhouse Gas Control Technologies – September 2004, Vancouver, Canada. Eds. Rubin, E.S., Keith, D.W., Gilboy, C.F., Wilson, M., Morris, T., Gale, J., & Thambimuthu, K., pp. 921-929 Amsterdam, Netherlands: Elsevier. ISBN 978-0-08-044704-9

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Abstract

This paper examines the role of fossil-fired power plants equipped with carbon capture systems in a long-term scenario of the global energy system. Within this framework, the impacts of a technology policy is illustrated that requires over time an increasing fraction of fossil-fired power generation to incorporate carbon capture technologies leading in the long run to a virtually carbon-free electricity sector. It examines the costs and the potential contribution that such a policy could offer in reducing global energy-related carbon dioxide emissions and highlight some of the technologies that may play a key role in doing so. The analysis is carried out with the energy-systems optimization model MESSAGE considering endogenous technological learning for carbon capture technologies, such that they experience cost reductions as a function of accumulated capacity installations. In the context of a world where fossil-based power systems face pressure to evolve into cleaner configurations in the long term, coal fired integrated gasification combined-cycle (IGCC) plants and gas-fired combined-cycle (NGCC) plants emerge as flexible, complementary technology choices that, while being attractive for electricity generation, could allow an efficient and cost-effective capture of carbon.

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