Assessment of Air Pollution and GHG Mitigation Strategies in Pakistan Using the GAINS Model

Munir, T. (2009). Assessment of Air Pollution and GHG Mitigation Strategies in Pakistan Using the GAINS Model. IIASA Interim Report. IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria: IR-09-027

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Abstract

Pakistan's attempt to raise the living standards of its citizens has meant that economic development as largely taken precedence over environmental issues. Uncontrolled use of hazardous chemicals, vehile emissions, and industrial activities have contributed to a number of environmental and health azads. Negative externalities emerge, inter alia, in the form of anthropogenic air pollution and increaed rate of GHGs emissions.

This report presents a first analysis of potential implications of the current economic development pans of Pakistan on local and regional air pollution, and explores alternative approaches that could imit the envisaged deterioration of air quality. It also explores the co-benefits of air pollutio cotrol measures on the emissions of greenhouse gases that cause climate change.

The analysis has been carried out with the GAINS (Greenhouse gas - Air pollution Interaction and Synegies) model that has been developed by the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIAA). The report summarizes exogenous projections of energy use and application of emission controlmeaures up to 2030 and discusses the resulting implications on air quality and GHGs. Illustrative emisson control scenarios assess health benefits of additional measures and associated costs. Scenarios iclude the options of employing cleaner fuels, and of applying end-of-pipe emission control meaures.

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