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    <abstract>Objectives: Most studies of population aging focus on only one characteristic of people: their chronological age. Many important characteristics of people vary with age, but agespecific characteristics also vary over time and differ from place to place. We supplement traditional measures of aging with new ones that consider the changing characteristics of people.

Methods: The characteristics approach to measuring of population aging is employed. We provide examples of new measures of population aging using characteristics, such as
remaining life expectancy, health, normal public pension age and hand-grip strength.

Results: Past and future population aging looks less rapid using the characteristics approach, compared to traditional ones. For some regions almost no aging occurred in the
recent past.

Discussion: Supplementing chronological age with ages that take into account the changing characteristics of people allows us to analyze aging more comprehensively and more accurately.</abstract>
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