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    <abstract>Energy systems support technical solutions fulfilling the United Nations&apos; Sustainable Development Goal for clean water and sanitation (SDG6), with implications for future energy demands and greenhouse gas emissions. The energy sector is also a large consumer of water, making water efficiency targets ingrained in SDG6 important for long-term energy planning. Here, we apply a global integrated assessment model to quantify the cost and characteristics of infrastructure pathways balancing SDG6 clean water targets with long-term energy transformations limiting climate warming to 1.5 ˚C. The rapid expansions of water infrastructure and water efficiency to meet SDG6 targets increase energy decarbonization costs by 3 to 8 %. Conversely, under the 1.5 ˚C policy, shifts to electricity-intensive water systems in SDG6 pathways raises water prices by 2 to 9 %. Through water conservation and integrated water-energy planning we can achieve a collection of sustainability targets while avoiding incremental costs.

This working paper was subsequently published in Environmental Research Letters and is available here, http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/15591/.</abstract>
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      <item>Linking Climate and Development Policies - Leveraging International Networks and Knowledge Sharing (CD-LINKS, H2020 642147)</item>
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