Air Quality-Carbon-Water Synergies and Trade-offs in China’s Natural Gas Industry

15451 16 85090 3 238939 document 85090 Gas.nexus.paper_NS_July_withFig.pdf application/pdf 141b603cfbc9eb42ea64083744a8215b MD5 2892754 2018-09-10 07:29:11 https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/15451/1/Gas.nexus.paper_NS_July_withFig.pdf 15451 1 1 application/pdf text en public cc_by_4

Gas.nexus.paper_NS_July_withFig.pdf

85091 1 238947 document 85091 indexcodes.txt text/x-c++ f9afdea08de3035727228cfecd1cb6c8 MD5 12070 2018-09-10 07:39:03 https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/15451/2/indexcodes.txt 15451 2 2 text/x-c++ other Generate index codes conversion from text to indexcodes en staffonly

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http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/85090 http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/85090 http://eprints.org/relation/issmallThumbnailVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/85090 archive 353 disk0/00/01/54/51 2018-09-14 15:31:03 2021-08-27 17:30:42 2018-09-14 15:31:03 article show Qin Y. Höglund-Isaksson L. 1786 0000-0001-7514-3135 Byers E. 2115 0000-0003-0349-5742 Feng K. Wagner F. 1789 0000-0003-3429-2374 Peng W. Mauzerall D.L. Air Quality-Carbon-Water Synergies and Trade-offs in China’s Natural Gas Industry pub prog_air prog_ene prog_ysp Both energy production and consumption can simultaneously affect regional air quality, local water stress, and the global climate. Identifying the air quality-carbon water interactions due to both energy sources and end-uses is important for capturing potential co-benefits while avoiding unintended consequences when designing sustainable energy transition pathways. Here, we examine the air quality carbon-water interdependencies of China’s six major natural gas sources and three end-use gas-for-coal substitution strategies in 2020. We find that replacing coal with gas sources other than coal-based synthetic natural gas (SNG) generally offer national air quality-carbon-water co-benefits. However, SNG achieves air quality benefits while increasing carbon emissions and water demand, particularly in regions already suffering from high per capita carbon emissions and severe water scarcity. Depending on end-uses, non-SNG gas-for-coal substitution results in enormous variations in air quality, carbon, and water improvements, with notable air quality-carbon synergies but air quality-water trade-offs. This indicates that more attention is needed to determine in which end-uses natural gas should be deployed to achieve desired environmental improvements. Assessing air quality carbon-water impacts across local, regional and global administrative levels is 43 crucial for designing and balancing the co-benefits of sustainable energy 44 development and deployment policies at all scales. 2018-09-14 published 10.1038/s41893-018-0136-7 128 2585 321 public Nature Sustainability 1 9 505-511 TRUE 2398-9629 FALSE no info:eu-repo/semantics/article