Balancing clean water-climate change mitigation tradeoffs

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http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/85714 http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/85714 http://eprints.org/relation/issmallThumbnailVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/85714 archive 353 disk0/00/01/55/91 2018-11-21 14:18:50 2021-08-27 17:31:04 2018-11-21 14:18:50 article show 1 Parkinson S. 2028 0000-0002-4753-5198 Krey V. 8099 0000-0003-0307-3515 Huppmann D. 2107 0000-0002-7729-7389 Kahil T. 2103 0000-0002-7812-5271 McCollum D. 8484 Fricko O. 2004 0000-0002-6835-9883 Byers E. 2115 0000-0003-0349-5742 Gidden M. 2108 0000-0003-0687-414X Mayor B. 2157 Khan Z. 8898 Raptis C. Rao N. 1961 0000-0003-1888-5292 Johnson N. 1970 Wada Y. 8940 0000-0003-4770-2539 Djilali N. Riahi K. 1696 0000-0001-7193-3498 Balancing clean water-climate change mitigation tradeoffs pub prog_ene prog_tnt prog_wat Energy systems support technical solutions fulfilling the United Nations’ Sustainable Development 2 Goal for clean water and sanitation (SDG6), with implications for future energy demands and greenhouse 3 gas emissions. The energy sector is also a large consumer of water, making water efficiency targets in4 grained in SDG6 important constraints for long-term energy planning. Here, we apply a global integrated 5 assessment model to quantify the cost and characteristics of infrastructure pathways balancing SDG6 tar6 gets for water access, scarcity, treatment and efficiency with long-term energy transformations limiting climate warming to 1.5 ◦ 7 C. Under a mid-range human development scenario, we find that approximately 8 1 trillion USD2010 per year is required to close water infrastructure gaps and operate water systems consistent with achieving SDG6 goals by 2030. Adding a 1.5 ◦ 9 C climate policy constraint increases these costs by up to 8 %. In the reverse direction, when the SDG6 targets are added on top of the 1.5 ◦ 10 C policy 11 constraint, the cost to transform and operate energy systems increases 2 to 9 % relative to a baseline 1.5 ◦ 12 C scenario that does not achieve the SDG6 targets by 2030. Cost increases in the SDG6 pathways 13 are due to expanded use of energy-intensive water treatment and costs associated with water conserva14 tion measures in power generation, municipal, manufacturing and agricultural sectors. Combined global spending (capital and operational expenditures) in the integrated SDG6-1.5 ◦ 15 C scenarios to 2030 on water and energy systems increases 92 to 125 % relative to a baseline scenario without 1.5 ◦ 16 C and SDG6 17 constraints. Evaluation of the multi-sectoral policies underscores the importance of water conservation 18 and integrated water-energy planning for avoiding costs from interacting water, energy and climate goals. 2019-01 published Institute of Physics Publishing (IOP) 10.1088/1748-9326/aaf2a3 225 166 130 142 203 97 2585 103 2926 2947 243 137 2601 250 public working_paper Environmental Research Letters 14 1 IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria e014009 TRUE 1748-9326 http://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/15231/ publ Linking Climate and Development Policies - Leveraging International Networks and Knowledge Sharing (CD-LINKS, H2020 642147) FALSE yes info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/642147/EU//CD-LINKS info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess