Assessing the sustainability of post-Green Revolution cereals in India

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supplemental 88901 2 255749 document 88901 lightbox.jpg image/png 661255617e14755ed43791a3efcaa2e7 MD5 9131 2019-11-22 10:41:59 https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/16176/8/lightbox.jpg 16176 8 8 image/png other Thumbnails conversion from text to thumbnail_lightbox en public

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http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/88900 http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/88900 http://eprints.org/relation/isIndexCodesVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/88900 archive 353 disk0/00/01/61/76 2019-11-19 10:20:25 2026-03-06 05:00:19 2019-11-19 10:20:25 article show Davis K.F. Chhatre A. Rao N. 1961 0000-0003-1888-5292 Singh D. Ghosh-Jerath S. Mridul A. Poblete-Cazenave M. 8909 0000-0001-8280-910X Pradhan N. DeFries R. Assessing the sustainability of post-Green Revolution cereals in India pub prog_ene Green Revolution; sustainable agriculture; India; cereals; tradeoffs Sustainable food systems aim to provide sufficient and nutritious food, while maximizing climate resilience and minimizing resource demands as well as negative environmental impacts. Historical practices, notably the Green Revolution, prioritized the single objective to maximize production over other nutritional and environmental dimensions. We quantitatively assess outcomes of alternative production decisions across multiple objectives using India’s ricedominated monsoon cereal production as an example. We perform a series of optimizations to maximize nutrient production (i.e., protein and iron), minimize greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and resource use (i.e., water and energy), ormaximize resilience to climate extremes.We find that increasing the area under coarse cereals (i.e., millets, sorghum) improves nutritional supply (on average, +1% to +5% protein and +5% to +49% iron), increases climate resilience (1% to 13% fewer calories lost during an extreme dry year), and reduces GHGs (−2% to −13%) and demand for irrigation water (−3% to −21%) and energy (−2% to −12%) while maintaining calorie production and cropped area. The extent of these benefits partly depends on the feasibility of switching cropped area from rice to coarse cereals. Based on current production practices in 2 states, supporting these cobenefits could require greater manure and draft power but similar or less labor, fertilizer, and machinery. Nationaland state-level strategies considering multiple objectives in decisions about cereal production can move beyond many shortcomings of the Green Revolution while reinforcing the benefits. This ability to realistically incorporate multiple dimensions into intervention planning and implementation is the crux of sustainable food production systems worldwide. 2019-11-18 published National Academy of Sciences 10.1073/pnas.1910935116 243 3068 public Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116 50 25034-25041 TRUE 1091-6490 Energy and emissions thresholds for providing decent living standards to all (DecentLivingEnergy, H2020 637462) FALSE yes info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/637462/EU//DecentLivingEnergy info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess