Decent living gaps and energy needs around the world

17402 11 95096 3 293173 document 95096 Kikstra_2021_Environ._Res._Lett._16_095006.pdf application/pdf 8e4411936c009c8382793b3b897d9958 MD5 1987949 2021-09-02 13:21:58 https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/17402/1/Kikstra_2021_Environ._Res._Lett._16_095006.pdf 17402 1 1 application/pdf text en public cc_by_4

Kikstra_2021_Environ._Res._Lett._16_095006.pdf

published 95097 2 293180 document 95097 lightbox.jpg image/png 99a8897ff3514086c5d6313a9146643e MD5 10500 2021-09-02 13:32:02 https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/17402/2/lightbox.jpg 17402 2 2 image/png other Thumbnails conversion from text to thumbnail_lightbox en public

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http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/95096 http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/95096 http://eprints.org/relation/isIndexCodesVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/95096 archive 2 disk0/00/01/74/02 2021-09-02 13:27:46 2024-09-09 12:40:46 2021-09-02 13:27:46 article show Kikstra J. 2256 0000-0001-9405-1228 Mastrucci A. 2129 0000-0002-5611-7780 Min J. 2098 0000-0002-0020-1174 Riahi K. 1696 0000-0001-7193-3498 Rao N.D. 1961 0000-0003-1888-5292 Decent living gaps and energy needs around the world pub ECE IACC S3 TISS decent living, energy, poverty, human needs, climate, equity In recent years, there has been growing interest in defining what exactly constitutes "decent living standards" (DLS)—the material underpinnings of human well-being. We assess the gaps in providing decent health, shelter, nutrition, socialization, and mobility within countries, across the world. Our results show that more people are deprived of DLS than are income-poor, even when numbers are measured against medium income poverty thresholds. We estimate the cumulative energy needs for building out new infrastructure to support DLS provision for all by 2040 to be about 290 EJ, which amounts to less than three-quarters of current annual global energy demand, at the final energy level. The annual energy requirements to support decent living for the global population after 2040 is estimated to be 156 EJ yr−1. Present average energy demand levels in most countries exceed hypothetical DLS energy needs. Nevertheless, the required rate of increase in energy to provide decent living for all in the coming two decades would be unprecedented for many countries. Greater attention to equity would significantly reduce the need for growth. The per capita energy requirement of different countries to meet the same DLS levels varies by up to a factor of four due to differences in climate, urbanization, diets, and transport infrastructure. Transport energy dominates energy for decent living worldwide, while housing requirements dominate upfront energy investment needs. This study supports the claim that the increase in energy provision poverty eradication does not, in itself, pose a threat to mitigating climate change at a global scale. Distinguishing energy for affluence from energy for decent living could provide a basis for defining equitable access to sustainable development in energy terms. 2021-09-02 Institute of Physics Publishing (IOP) 10.1088/1748-9326/ac1c27 3149 2872 208 250 243 public Environmental Research Letters 16 9 095006 TRUE 1748-9326 Assessment of Cross(X)-sectoral climate Impacts and pathways for Sustainable transformation (AXIS, H2020 776608) Sustainable development pathways achieving Human well-being while safeguarding the climate And Planet Earth (SHAPE) yes info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/776608/EU//AXIS info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess