This chapter examines the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes in different regions of India. The prevalence of hypertension is higher among males (16.2%) than females (10.7%). Some states and Union Territories have a higher prevalence, with Sikkim having the highest proportion of hypertension. Diabetes is less common, affecting 9.0% of men and 7.2% of women nationally, with higher rates in certain states.

Corresponding maps illustrate the wide variations observed in the prevalence of both diseases across Indian districts. Overall, geographic patterns and sociodemographic characteristics play a distinct role in the prevalence of these diseases. In conclusion, the study emphasizes the need for research on risk factors and understanding socioeconomic, environmental, and genetic factors contributing to the growing burden of non-communicable diseases in India.