This Kathmandu Valley Single Hazards and Multi-Hazard Interrelationships Database uses a systematic review of blended evidence types (academic literature, grey literature, media, databases, and social media) to compile single hazard and multi-hazard interrelationship exemplars of natural hazards in the context of Kathmandu Valley.

We identify 58 sources of evidence for single hazard types and 21 sources of evidence for multi-hazard interrelationships. These sources evidence 21 single hazard types across six hazard groups, and 83 multi-hazard interrelationships that could influence Kathmandu Valley. Of these multi-hazard interrelationships, 12 have direct case study evidence of previous influence in Kathmandu Valley.

This Excel database accompanies the paper Thompson et al. (2024).

The Kathmandu Valley Single Hazards and Multi-Hazard Interrelationships Database comprises the following sheets:          A. Single Hazards Evidence            B. Hazard Interrelationships Evidence            C. Hazard Interrelationships Matrix            D. Matrix Evidence            E. Definitions (Source Types)            F. Definitions (Hazards)            G. Definitions (Interrelationships)            H. References  

In Sheet A, each row in the database describes a separate source of evidence of a single hazard influencing Kathmandu Valley. In each column, we describe the evidence using the qualifiers outlined below:



Hazard type

Source information and link

Source content

Hazard interrelationships and anthropogenic processes

Video evidence

Source reflections

Major event typical frequency reflection

Any other reflection on a single hazard

Impact


In Sheet B, each row in the database describes a separate source of evidence of a multi-hazard interrelationship influencing Kathmandu Valley. In each column, we describe the evidence using the qualifiers outlined below:



Hazard type

Source information and link

Source content

Hazard sequence

Source reflections

Impact

Input from practitioner stakeholders

Input from practitioner stakeholders - prioritisation


We refer the reader to Thompson et al. (2024) for details of the methodology used to populate this database.

References

Thompson, H. E., Gill, J. C., Šakić Trogrlić, R., Taylor, F. E., and Malamud, B. D.: A methodology to compile multi-hazard interrelationships in a data-scarce setting: an application to Kathmandu Valley, Nepal, Nat. Hazards Earth Syst. Sci. Discuss. [preprint], https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-2024-101, in review, 2024.