The impact of air conditioning on residential electricity consumption across world countries

20475 7 109303 2 331621 document 109303 1-s2.0-S0095069625000063-main.pdf application/pdf afb84bdd05cbcaf42df749c4a95d3dd4 MD5 7443204 2025-03-26 08:55:19 https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/20475/1/1-s2.0-S0095069625000063-main.pdf 20475 1 1 application/pdf text en public cc_by_4

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published 109309 1 331632 document 109309 indexcodes.txt text/plain 10aaf1d0d91a76c783e10bed648f2907 MD5 21260 2025-03-26 09:05:17 https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/20475/2/indexcodes.txt 20475 2 2 text/plain other Generate index codes conversion from text to indexcodes en public

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http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/109303 http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/109303 http://eprints.org/relation/issmallThumbnailVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/109303 archive 353 disk0/00/02/04/75 2025-03-26 08:56:44 2025-03-26 10:38:43 2025-03-26 08:56:44 article show De Cian E. Falchetta G. 9187 0000-0003-2607-2195 Pavanello F. Romitti Y. Sue Wing I. The impact of air conditioning on residential electricity consumption across world countries pub ECE IACC Adaptation, Air conditioning, Electricity demand, Global survey data We provide a first globally-relevant assessment of the electricity consumption consequences of households' adaptation to ambient heat through air conditioning (AC). We use household survey data from 25 countries within a discrete-continuous choice empirical framework to model households' joint air conditioning adoption and utilization decisions, and combine the estimated responses with scenarios of socioeconomic, demographic, and climatic change to project air conditioning prevalence and cooling electricity demand circa mid-century. We find that air conditioning ownership increases households' electricity consumption by 36%, on average, but the effect is heterogeneous, varying with weather conditions, income and country contexts, revealing the importance of behaviors, practices, climate, and technologies. Compared to the other drivers of electricity consumption, air conditioning has the leading marginal effect, also accounting for a significant share of household budgets. By 2050, the overall effect is a net increase in global yearly residential cooling electricity to 976-1393 TWh, with an additional 670-956 Mt of CO2 emissions, and associated social costs of $124-177 billion. Our findings highlight cooling energy expenditure as an emerging indicator of energy poverty as the climate warms, and provide an initial quantification of the economic and environmental risks associated with air conditioning as an adaptation to climate change. 2025-05 published Elsevier doi:10.1016/j.jeem.2025.103122 3119 public Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 131 e103122 1 TRUE 1096-0449 info:eu-repo/semantics/article