The Paris Agreement is the main coordination mechanism for reducing global greenhouse gas emissions. Under this agreement, Parties submit self-determined pledges, or Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), that outline emission targets aimed at contributing to global climate goals. These Parties are also expected to adopt and implement policies to meet these targets. 
To guide efforts in ensuring that countries remain on track to achieve the climate goal of the Paris Agreement, we have annually evaluated the progress of 25 major emitters towards their self-determined climate change mitigation targets since 2014. In 2024, we modelled greenhouse gas emissions towards 2030 based on countries’ policies, as of July 2024, and compared these emissions to countries’ current NDC targets to evaluate whether countries are on track to meet them.