Environmental Impact of Machinery and Equipment: A Comparison between EXIOBASE, National Environmentally Extended Input

21071 7 112118 2 338625 document 112118 environmental-impact-of-machinery-and-equipment-a-comparison-between-exiobase-national-environmentally-extended-input.pdf application/pdf 7d5ddf53a41ea8a51049cd195b76474e MD5 2629925 2025-12-10 13:05:31 https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/21071/1/environmental-impact-of-machinery-and-equipment-a-comparison-between-exiobase-national-environmentally-extended-input.pdf 21071 1 1 application/pdf text en public cc_by_4

environmental-impact-of-machinery-and-equipment-a-comparison-between-exiobase-national-environmentally-extended-input.pdf

published 112119 1 338631 document 112119 indexcodes.txt text/plain 1e1612db7e143d964f5d86ff2bbf0154 MD5 16719 2025-12-10 13:14:55 https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/eprint/21071/2/indexcodes.txt 21071 2 2 text/plain other Generate index codes conversion from text to indexcodes en public

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http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/112118 http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/112118 http://eprints.org/relation/issmallThumbnailVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/112118 archive 353 disk0/00/02/10/71 2025-12-10 13:06:53 2026-01-07 08:57:31 2025-12-10 13:06:53 article show Liu Y. Jiang M. Hertwich E. 7526 Environmental Impact of Machinery and Equipment: A Comparison between EXIOBASE, National Environmentally Extended Input–Output Models, and Ecoinvent pub ECE carbon footprints; cranes; electronics; engines; household appliances; logistics systems; manufacturing; national accounts; robotic Environmental impact assessments of machinery and equipment (ME) are constrained by process-based life cycle assessment (LCA) with limited system coverage and by aggregated top-down models with reduced representativeness. Lack of knowledge about consistency across these approaches hampers the understanding of ME impacts and policy making. This study quantifies greenhouse gas emission multipliers (cradle-to-gate emissions per unit production) of ME using data from process LCA (ecoinvent), national environmentally extended input-output (EEIO) models, and a multiregional EEIO model (EXIOBASE) for the United States, China, Japan, and South Korea, assessing variations, reliability, and compatibility. While EXIOBASE (seven ME sectors) and national EEIO data (32-102 sectors) broadly align, national EEIO models differ more in production technologies, with deviations from 100-fold lower to 3.7-fold higher than EXIOBASE results. Ecoinvent offers broad ME product-level coverage (∼390 sectors), especially for general and electrical ME, but with uneven representation and limited geographic differentiation. Its multipliers vary widely and often exceed EXIOBASE values, challenging the assumption that process-based LCA underestimates impacts due to truncation. Overall, our results reveal cross-model variation, confirm the relative reliability of EEIO data, point to limitations in ecoinvent, and underscore the need to link technical detail with global trade representation in ME modeling. 2025-12-09 published American Chemical Society (ACS) doi:10.1021/acs.est.5c08581 1321 public Environmental Science & Technology 59 50 27254-27266 TRUE 1520-5851 info:eu-repo/semantics/article