Acidification of Forest Soils

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RR-87-05.pdf

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http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/61093 http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/61093 http://eprints.org/relation/isIndexCodesVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/61093 archive 351 disk0/00/00/27/66 2016-01-15 01:56:46 2021-08-27 17:12:34 2016-01-15 01:56:46 monograph show 1 Kauppi P. 1247 Kaemaeri J. AL0803 Posch M. 6733 0000-0001-8649-9129 Kauppi L. AL0826 Matzner E. Acidification of Forest Soils pub iis_for iis_ecl iis_env iis_mod prog_aci Acidification is considered to be an unfavourable process in forest soil. Timber logging, natural accumulation of biomass in the ecosystem, and acidic deposition are known sources of acidification. Acidification causes a risk of damage to plant roots and subsequent risk of a decline in ecosystem productivity. A dynamic model is introduced for describing the acidification of forest soils. In 1-year time steps the model calculates the soil pH as a function of the acid stress and the buffer mechanisms of the soil. Acid stress is defined as the hydrogen ion input into the top soil. The buffer mechanisms counteract acidification by providing a sink for hydrogen ions. The concepts "buffer rate" and "buffer capacity" are used to quantify the buffer mechanisms. The model compares (a) the rate of acid stress (annual amount) with the buffer rate, and (b) the accumulated acid stress (over several years) with the buffer capacity. These two comparisons give an estimate of the oil acidity. The model was incorporated into the Regional Acidification INformation and Simulation (RAINS) model system of IIASA for analyzing the acidic deposition problem in Europe. This system links information on energy production, pollutant emission, pollutant transport, and pollution deposition. The data on acid stress entering the soils was obtained from other submodels. Data on buffer rate and buffer capacity were collected from soil maps and geological maps. The model system as a whole is now available for analyzing the impact of different emission scenarios. The soil acidification model assumes sulfur deposition estimates from the other submodels as input, and as output it produces estimates of the acidity of European forest soils in a map format. Additionally it computes the total area of forests in Europe with the estimated soil pH lower than any selected threshold value. Sources of uncertainty in the soil acidification are listed and briefly evaluated. 1986 published RP-87-005. Reprinted from Ecological Modelling, 33 [1986]. RP-87-005 Reprinted from Ecological Modelling; 33 [1986] 10 1366 2001 3069 2016 public research_reprint Ecological Modelling 33 IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria 26 TRUE FALSE info:eu-repo/semantics/book