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http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/44030 http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/44030 http://eprints.org/relation/isIndexCodesVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/44030 archive 351 disk0/00/00/29/16 2016-01-15 01:57:31 2021-08-27 17:12:52 2016-01-15 01:57:31 monograph show 4 Casti J.L. 974 pub iis_frc iis_mnt iis_ecn prog_tes This paper addresses the general issue of manufacturing as a system-determined science. To adequately assess the degree to which systems thinking enters into considerations of modern manufacturing, several interconnected schemes are developed which, taken together, provide a taxonomy of manufacturing problems. It is shown that each manufacturing problem exists at a certain hierarchical level, the lowest being Raw Materials, the highest Values. Further, each problem can be labeled as a Design, Production, or Distribution problem, provided these terms are taken in a general sense. Finally, it is shown that each problem has associated with it one or more foundational system concepts (flexibility, complexity, adaptation, etc.), lending the problem its characteristic flavor. Putting the hierarchical, Design-Production- Distribution and system concept labels together supplies the basis for a classification scheme which, at the same time, enables us to unequivocally answer the question as to whether there is a significant systems component to most problems of modern manufacturing. There is! 1987 published RR-87-022. Reprinted from Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 31(4):305-321 RP-87-022 10 1179 public research_reprint Technological Forecasting and Social Change 31 4 IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria 305-321 20 TRUE FALSE info:eu-repo/semantics/book