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http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/4988 http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/4988 http://eprints.org/relation/isCoversheetVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/4988 archive 351 disk0/00/00/73/65 2016-01-15 02:16:54 2021-08-27 17:18:44 2016-01-15 02:16:54 monograph show 2 Brandt H. 7736 Sigmund K. 1050 pub iis_ecl prog_adn Ever since image-based models of indirect reciprocity were introduced, the relative merits of scoring vs. standing have been discussed to find out how important it is to differentiate between justified and non-justified defections. This is analogous to the question whether punishment can sustain cooperation even when it is costly. We show that an answer to this question can depend on details of the model, for instance concerning the probability distribution of the number of the number of interactions experienced per player. We use extensive individual-based simulations to compare scoring, standing and other forms of assessing defections, and show that other forms of indirect reciprocation can robustly sustain cooperation. By most standards, standing is better than scoring, but nevertheless scoring is able to sustain cooperation in the presence of errors. The model presented here is based on the specifications: each player has a personal list of images of all co-players, a specific way of judging an observed situation, and a specific strategy to decide whether to cooperate or not. 2004-12 published IR-04-085 IR-04-085 1166 282 public interim_report IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria 33 FALSE info:eu-repo/semantics/book