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http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/5075 http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/5075 http://eprints.org/relation/isCoversheetVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/5075 archive 351 disk0/00/00/74/41 2016-01-15 02:17:26 2021-08-27 17:18:53 2016-01-15 02:17:26 monograph show 3 Egas M. 7674 Dieckmann U. 1668 0000-0001-7089-0393 Sabelis M.W. pub iis_ecl prog_adn Environmental variability and adaptive foraging behavior have been shown to favor coexistence of specialists and generalists on an ecological time scale. This leaves unaddressed the question whether such coexistence can also be expected on an evolutionary time scale. In this article we study the attainability, through gradual evolution, of specialist-generalist coexistence, as well as the evolutionary stability of such communities when allowing for immigration. Our analysis shows that the potential for specialist-generalist coexistence is much more restricted than originally thought, and strongly depends on the trade-off structure assumed. We establish that ecological coexistence is less likely for species facing a trade-off between per capita reproduction in different habitats than when the trade-off acts on carrying capacities alone. We also demonstrate that coexistence is evolutionarily stable whenever it is ecologically stable, but that in most cases such coexistence cannot be reached through gradual evolution. We conclude that an evolutionarily stable community of specialists and generalists may only be created through immigration from elsewhere or through mutations of large effect. Our results highlight that trade-offs in fitness-determining traits can have counterintuitive effects on the evolution of specialization. 2004-01 published IR-04-004 IR-04-004 ar04 1229 66 public interim_report IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria 29 FALSE info:eu-repo/semantics/book