An analysis of the environmental pressure exerted by the eucalyptus-based Kraft pulp industry in Thailand

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XJ-06-011.pdf

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http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/5198 http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/5198 http://eprints.org/relation/issmallThumbnailVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/5198 archive 351 disk0/00/00/79/26 2016-01-15 02:19:16 2021-08-27 17:19:29 2016-01-15 02:19:16 article show 1 Jawjit W. Kroeze C. AL0889 Soontaranun W. Hordijk L. 1057 An analysis of the environmental pressure exerted by the eucalyptus-based Kraft pulp industry in Thailand pub iis_env iis_for prog_dir The study reported here focuses on the environmental pressure exerted by large-scale eucalyptus-based kraft pulp industry in Thailand. The objective of this study was to identify the most important sources of greenhouse gases, acidifying and eutrophying compounds and tropospheric ozone precursors, human toxicity compounds and solid waste associated with the kraft pulp industry. To this end, we performed an environmental systems analysis of the kraft pulp industry system in which we distinguished between two subsystems: the eucalyptus forestry subsystem and the kraft pulp production subsystem. The results indicate that the environmental pressure is caused by the kraft pulp production subsystem rather than by the eucalyptus forestry one. The chemical recovery unit was found to be the most important source of carbon dioxide (CO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) and responsible for more than one-half of the emissions of greenhouse gases and acidifying compounds from eucalyptus-based kraft pulp production in Thailand. Biomass combustion in the energy gene ration unit is an important source of nitrogen oxide (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO) which in turn are responsible for over 50% of the emissions of tropospheric ozone precursors. About 73% of the eutrophication is caused by biological aerobic wastewater treatment emitting phosphorus (P). With respect to the eucalyptus forestry, only fertilizer use in eucalyptus plantations is a relevant source of pollution through the emission of nitrous oxide (N2O) and phosphate (PO4 3-). 2006 published Springer 10.1007/s10668-005-9019-y XJ-06-011 Environment, Development and Sustainability; 8(2):289-311 [2006] [doi:10.1007/s10668-005-9019-y] 2078 1328 public Environment, Development and Sustainability 8 2 289-311 TRUE 1573-2975 FALSE info:eu-repo/semantics/article