Three-Dimensional Maturation Reaction Norms for North Sea Plaice

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IR-06-045.pdf

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IR-06-045.pdf

http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/13050 http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/13050 http://eprints.org/relation/isCoversheetVersionOf https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/id/document/13050 archive 351 disk0/00/00/80/52 2016-01-15 08:39:01 2021-08-27 17:19:39 2016-01-15 08:39:01 monograph show 3 Grift R.E. 1766 Heino M. 7602 0000-0003-2928-3940 Rijnsdorp A.D. Kraak S.B.M. Dieckmann U. 1668 0000-0001-7089-0393 Three-Dimensional Maturation Reaction Norms for North Sea Plaice pub iis_ecl prog_eep Fisheries-induced evolution; Body condition; Probabilistic maturation reaction norms; Phenotypic plasticity; Maturation process; "Pleuronectes platessa" Probabilistic maturation reaction norms (PMRNs) with up to 3 explanatory dimensions were estimated for female North Sea plaice "Pleuronectes platessa". The 3-dimensional PMRNs reported here (1) are the first to be obtained for any organism, (2) reveal the differential capacity of alternative life-history state variables to predict the onset of reproduction, (3) document consistent temporal trends in maturation, and (4) help disentangle the contributions of genetic and plastic effects to these trends. We first show that PMRNs based on age and weight provide slightly more accurate approximations of maturation probabilities than PMRNs based on age and length. At the same time, weight-based PMRNs imply a much wider spread of maturation probabilities than length-based PMRNs. We then demonstrate that including condition as a third explanatory variable improves predictions of maturation probability. The resultant 3-dimensional PMRNs for age-length-condition or age-weight-condition not only show how, at given size and age, maturation probability increases with condition, but also expose how this impact of condition decreases with age and has changed over time. Our analysis reveals several interesting temporal trends. First, it is demonstrated that even after removing plastic effects on maturation captured by age, length, weight and condition, residual trends towards maturation at younger ages and smaller lengths remain. Second, we find that the width of both length- and weight-based PMRNs decreased significantly over time. Third, age and condition are nowadays affecting maturation probabilities less than they did decades ago. We conclude that plaice are currently maturing at a very low age, size and body condition, and that the narrow and steep reaction norms do not allow a strong continuation of the observed trends. The findings obtained are in good agreement with predictions from life-history theory based on the hypothesis of evolutionary change caused by heavy exploitation. 2006-10 published IR-06-045 IR-06-045 1299 122 66 public interim_report IIASA, Laxenburg, Austria 35 FALSE info:eu-repo/semantics/book