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Friedlingstein, P., O'Sullivan, M., Jones, M.W., Andrew, R.M., Bakker, D.C.E., Hauck, J., Landschützer, P., Le Quéré, C., Li, H., Luijkx, I.T., Peters, G.P., Peters, W., Pongratz, J., Schwingshackl, C., Sitch, S., Canadell, J.G., Ciais, P., Aas, K., Alin, S.R., Anthoni, P. et al. (2025). Global Carbon Budget 2025. Earth System Science Data Discussions 2025, 1-139. 10.5194/essd-2025-659. (In Press)

Friedlingstein, P., Le Quéré, C., O’Sullivan, M., Hauck, J., Landschützer, P., Luijkx, I.T., Li, H., van der Woude, A., Schwingshackl, C., Pongratz, J., Regnier, P., Andrew, R.M., Bakker, D.C.E., Canadell, J.G., Ciais, P., Gasser, T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4882-2647, Jones, M.W., Lan, X., Morgan, E., Olsen, A. et al. (2025). Emerging climate impact on carbon sinks in a consolidated carbon budget. Nature 10.1038/s41586-025-09802-5.

Grassi, G., Peters, G.P., Canadell, J.G., Cescatti, A., Federici, S., Gidden, M. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0687-414X, Harris, N., Herold, M., Krug, T., O’Sullivan, M., Pongratz, J., Sanz, M.J., Schwingshackl, C. & van Vuuren, D. (2025). Improving land-use emission estimates under the Paris Agreement. Nature Sustainability 10.1038/s41893-025-01565-1.

Friedlingstein, P., O'Sullivan, M., Jones, M.W., Andrew, R.M., Hauck, J., Landschützer, P., Le Quéré, C., Li, H., Luijkx, I. T., Olsen, A., Peters, G. P., Peters, W., Pongratz, J., Schwingshackl, C., Sitch, S., Canadell, J.G., Ciais, P., Jackson, R.B., Alin, S.R., Arneth, A. et al. (2025). Global Carbon Budget 2024. Earth System Science Data Discussions 17 (3), 965-1039. 10.18160/GCP-2024.

O’Sullivan, M., Sitch, S., Friedlingstein, P., Luijkx, I.T., Peters, W., Rosan, T.M., Arneth, A., Arora, V.K., Chandra, N., Chevallier, F., Ciais, P., Falk, S., Feng, L., Gasser, T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4882-2647, Houghton, R.A., Jain, A.K., Kato, E., Kennedy, D., Knauer, J., McGrath, M.J. et al. (2024). The key role of forest disturbance in reconciling estimates of the northern carbon sink. Communications Earth & Environment 5 (1), e705. 10.1038/s43247-024-01827-4.

Friedlingstein, P., O'Sullivan, M., Jones, M.W., Andrew, R.M., Bakker, D.C.E., Hauck, J., Landschützer, P., Le Quéré, C., Luijkx, I.T., Peters, G.P., Peters, W., Pongratz, J., Schwingshackl, C., Sitch, S., Canadell, J.G., Ciais, P., Jackson, R.B., Alin, S.R., Anthoni, P., Barbero, L. et al. (2023). Global Carbon Budget 2023. Earth System Science Data 15 (12), 5301-5369. 10.5194/essd-15-5301-2023.

Jones, M.W., Peters, G.P., Gasser, T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4882-2647, Andrew, R.M., Schwingshackl, C., Gütschow, J., Houghton, R.A., Friedlingstein, P., Pongratz, J. & Le Quéré, C. (2023). National contributions to climate change due to historical emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide since 1850. Scientific Data 10 (1), e155. 10.1038/s41597-023-02041-1.

Grassi, G., Schwingshackl, C., Gasser, T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4882-2647, Houghton, R.A., Sitch, S., Canadell, J.G., Cescatti, A., Ciais, P., Federici, S., Friedlingstein, P., Kurz, W.A., Sanz Sanchez, M.J., Abad Viñas, R., Alkama, R., Bultan, S., Ceccherini, G., Falk, S., Kato, E., Kennedy, D., Knauer, J. et al. (2023). Harmonising the land-use flux estimates of global models and national inventories for 2000–2020. Earth System Science Data 15 (3), 1093-1114. 10.5194/essd-15-1093-2023.

Friedlingstein, P., O'Sullivan, M., Jones, M.W., Andrew, R.M., Gregor, L., Hauck, J., Le Quéré, C., Luijkx, I.T., Olsen, A., Peters, G.P., Peters, W., Pongratz, J., Schwingshackl, C., Sitch, S., Canadell, J.G., Ciais, P., Jackson, R.B., Alin, S.R., Alkama, R., Arneth, A. et al. (2022). Global Carbon Budget 2022. Earth System Science Data 14 (11), 4811-4900. 10.5194/essd-14-4811-2022.

Friedlingstein, P., Jones, M.W., O'Sullivan, M., Andrew, R.M., Bakker, D.C.E., Hauck, J., Le Quéré, C., Peters, G.P., Peters, W., Pongratz, J., Sitch, S., Canadell, J.G., Ciais, P., Jackson, R.B., Alin, S.R., Anthoni, P., Bates, N.R., Becker, M., Bellouin, N., Bopp, L. et al. (2022). Global Carbon Budget 2021. Earth System Science Data 14, 1917-2005. 10.5194/essd-14-1917-2022.

Data

Jones, M, Peters, G., Gasser, T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4882-2647, Andrew, R., Schwingshackl, C., Gütschow, J., Houghton, R., Friedlingstein, P., Pongratz, J. & Le Quéré, C. (2024). National contributions to climate change due to historical emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide. 10.5281/zenodo.7076346.

Obermeier, W.A., Schwingshackl, C., Bastos, A., Conchedda, G., Gasser, T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4882-2647, Grassi, G., Houghton, R.A., Sitch, S. & Pongratz, J. (2023). Country-level estimates of gross and net carbon fluxes from land use, land-use change and forestry. 10.5281/zenodo.8144173.

Grassi, G., Schwingshackl, C., Gasser, T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4882-2647, Houghton, R.A., Sitch, S., Canadell, J.G., Cescatti, A., Ciais, P., Federici, S., Friedlingstein, P., Kurz, W.A., Sanz Sanchez, M.J., Abad Viñas, R., Alkama, R., Bultan, S., Ceccherini, G., Falk, S., Kato, E., Kennedy, D., Knauer, J. et al. (2023). Harmonising the land-use flux estimates of global models and national inventories for 2000-2020: background data. 10.5281/zenodo.7541524.

Jones, M., Peters, G.P., Gasser, T. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4882-2647, Andrew, R.M., Schwingshackl, C., Gütschow, J., Houghton, R.A., Friedlingstein, P., Pongratz, J. & Le Quere, C. (2023). National contributions to climate change due to historical emissions of carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide. 10.5281/zenodo.7076346.