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Rao, N. 
ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1888-5292, Kiesewetter, G. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9369-9812, Min, J. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0020-1174, Pachauri, S. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8138-3178, & Wagner, F. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3429-2374
(2021).
Household contributions to and impacts from air pollution in India.
Nature Sustainability 10.1038/s41893-021-00744-0.
Abstract
Airborne fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is the largest environmental risk factor for premature mortality worldwide, and the probable cause of several hundred thousand premature deaths every year in India. Indian households contribute to ambient PM2.5 directly from several sources, including biomass-burning cook stoves and transport, and indirectly through the manufacturing of products triggered by their purchases. Here, we quantify consumption-based PM2.5 contributions from, as well as the mortality burden suffered by, urban and rural households by income deciles. Indirect PM2.5 emissions contribute almost twice as much to ambient PM2.5 concentrations as direct emissions from biomass cook stoves. We find that the impacts are distributed differently from contributions. We show that the mortality risk from indirect sources falls disproportionately on lower-income households. This suggests that industry‐wide pollution controls can reduce inequity in the impacts of ambient air pollution. However, as low-income households face an order of magnitude higher mortality risks from indoor air pollution, clean cooking fuels remain the most effective way to reduce the number of premature deaths from air pollution in India.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Research Programs: | Energy, Climate, and Environment (ECE) Energy, Climate, and Environment (ECE) > Pollution Management (PM) Energy, Climate, and Environment (ECE) > Sustainable Service Systems (S3) Energy, Climate, and Environment (ECE) > Transformative Institutional and Social Solutions (TISS) |
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| Depositing User: | Luke Kirwan |
| Date Deposited: | 28 Jul 2021 08:51 |
| Last Modified: | 27 Aug 2021 17:35 |
| URI: | https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/17346 |
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