Co-deploying biochar and bioenergy with carbon capture and storage improves cost-effectiveness and sustainability of China’s carbon neutrality

Deng, X., Teng, F., Zhang, X., Fan, J.-L., Forsell, N., & Reiner, D.M. (2025). Co-deploying biochar and bioenergy with carbon capture and storage improves cost-effectiveness and sustainability of China’s carbon neutrality. One Earth 8 (1) e101172. 10.1016/j.oneear.2024.12.008.

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Abstract

Carbon neutrality requires effective carbon dioxide removal (CDR) methods such as bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) and biochar to mitigate residual emissions. BECCS, however, may encounter CO2 injection capacity limitations and can introduce sustainability trade-offs such as soil quality degradation. Deploying BECCS together with biochar, a biomass derived carbon-rich material that can advance soil quality, emerges as an exciting route to maximize CDR potential while minimizing sustainability trade-offs. However, the viability of this strategy in China remains underexplored. Here, by developing an optimization model and conducting the spatially explicit analysis, we show that BECCS-biochar co-deployment could increase overall CDR potential in China to up to 2.62 Gt CO2 year−1, and lower costs by around 20% without compromising broader sustainability. Specifically, in the absence of a CO2 transport network, the CDR potential of BECCS may drop significantly to 0.23 Gt CO2 year−1. In contrast, the co-deployment strategy can still achieve a CDR potential of 0.89 Gt CO2 year−1, facilitating both early and deep decarbonization.

Item Type:	Article
Research Programs:	Biodiversity and Natural Resources (BNR) Biodiversity and Natural Resources (BNR) > Integrated Biosphere Futures (IBF)
Depositing User:	Luke Kirwan
Date Deposited:	20 Jan 2025 14:41
Last Modified:	20 Jan 2025 14:41
URI:	https://pure.iiasa.ac.at/20357

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