The institutional analysis and development framework: A mathematical representation in water arena

Arjomandi, P., Seyedi, S., Komendantova, N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2568-6179, Yazdanpanah, M., & Mannocchi, M. (2025). The institutional analysis and development framework: A mathematical representation in water arena. Current Research in Environmental Sustainability 10 e100307. 10.1016/j.crsust.2025.100307.

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Abstract

Institutions are human-designed systems facilitating structured interactions to achieve specific objectives. The Institutional Analysis and Development Framework (IAD), introduced by Elinor Ostrom, is a valuable tool for analyzing these systems. This study formulates a mathematical representation of the IAD within an operational context related to water demand and supply services. It demonstrates that structuring institutional (sub)systems entails a cost driven by external factors and interactions. Such a cost functions as an outcome within the scope of the IAD. This outcome can be mathematically expressed based on the components of the action arena and exogenous variables within a given context and over a distinct timeframe. This concept provides a theoretical basis for computationally evaluating and comparing different system states across varying (sub)system structures.

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