A near-real time daily European Power Consumption and Carbon Intensity Dataset (ECON-PowerCI)

Zhang, S., Zhao, W., Zhu, B. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9360-6797, Yan, C., Song, X., Jiang, H., Fang, J., Ciais, P., Xuan, N., Gentine, P., Davis, S.J., Liu, Z., & Qiu, G.Y. (2025). A near-real time daily European Power Consumption and Carbon Intensity Dataset (ECON-PowerCI). Scientific Data 12 (1) e1693. 10.1038/s41597-025-05978-7.

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Abstract

We present a near-real-time daily European Consumption-based Power Carbon Intensity Dataset (ECON-PowerCI), developed from the CarbonMonitor power production dataset for Europe. Spanning from January 2015 to December 2024, the dataset encompasses 35 European countries, with daily updates and a one-day latency. ECON-PowerCI provides consumption-based power carbon intensity at the national level, accounting for cross-border electricity net imports in the country of consumption. By integrating ENTSO-E (The European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity) data, ECON-PowerCI enables comprehensive analysis of carbon intensity trends shaped by cross-border transmissions, extreme weather events, and disruptions like the COVID-19 pandemic and geopolitical conflicts. This dataset facilitates in-depth study of the effect of cross-border electricity flows on national carbon footprints, providing insights for energy policy and climate resilience. The dataset also holds extensive research potential for power-related analyses and policy-making in Europe’s interconnected power systems.

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