A toolbox to deal with misinformation in disaster risk management

Vicari, R. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9529-3376, Komendantova, N. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2568-6179, Elroy, O. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0606-9186, Dallo, I., Rapaport, C., de Carolis, C., & Yosipof, A. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3176-8982 (2025). A toolbox to deal with misinformation in disaster risk management. AI & SOCIETY 10.1007/s00146-025-02680-5.

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Abstract

Misinformation significantly challenges disaster risk management by increasing risks and complicating response efforts. This technical note introduces a methodology toolbox designed to help policy makers, decision makers, practitioners, and scientists systematically assess, prevent, and mitigate the risks and impacts of misinformation in disaster scenarios. The methodology consists of eight steps, each offering specific tools and strategies to help address misinformation effectively. The process begins with defining the communication context using PESTEL analysis and Berlo’s communication model to assess external factors and information flow. It then focuses on identifying misinformation patterns through data collection and analysis using advanced AI methods. The impact of misinformation on risk perceptions is assessed through established theoretical frameworks, guiding the development of targeted strategies. The methodology includes practical measures for mitigating misinformation, such as implementing AI tools for prebunking and debunking false information. Evaluating the effectiveness of these measures is crucial, and continuous monitoring is recommended to adapt strategies in real-time. Ethical considerations are outlined to ensure compliance with international laws and data privacy regulations. The final step emphasizes managerial aspects, including clear communication and public education, to build trust and promote reliable information sources. This structured approach provides practical insights for enhancing disaster response and reducing the risks associated with misinformation.

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